Another really useful inferential statistical technique for Advanced Higher studies, chi squared analysis is used for categorical data. It tests for associations; is there a difference between the data for these categories?
The worked example for Chi Squared uses data collected by an AH pupil in 2024-2025 when studying a peatland. Hopefully you'll be able to identify somewhere in your own project where you could use Chi Squared analysis too.
Last week you should have summarised your first source. This week you'll start to work on the critical analysis.
You've already done lots of practice with this during your Geographical Reading tasks earlier in the year.
The 2025 course report for AH gave some helpful pointers on what to focus on as part of the critical evaluation:
author credibility
source reliability
identifying areas of bias
identifying areas of exaggeration
commenting on the facts and/or figures
wider reading to support
wider reading to oppose
comparing sources 1, 2 and 3
Here's some marker commentaries about successful summaries:
8 out of 10 available marks: Evidence was provided of explicit evaluative comments, with some insight, that included:
credibility of author/publication
comparisons between different viewpoints, ‘the report rebuts …second paragraph)
'Suttie provides valid points …to his arguments’
Full issues essay. Full commentary (Candidate 2)
9 out of 10 available marks: The candidate has included explicit and highly evaluative comments with references to the credibility of authors, the statistics contained within the sources, identification of bias and contrasting of sources. Evidence from wider reading is used to support evaluative comments and there was potential for more placing the candidate in the 9-10 marks range.
For this one in particular, the commentary goes on to highlight specific parts of each of their summaries which were successful. Read the full commentary here along with the full issues essay here (Candidate 1).
Chi Squared 2021 - 13 marks - 39 mins
Questionnaire (perception) 2017 - 10 marks - 30 mins