Marks are available for specific named examples - use them.

Referring to a glaciated or coastal area you have studied, discuss the conflicts caused by the various land uses.

• Overnight stays of motorhomes & campervans (e.g. Gairloch village or Beinn Eighe) which leads to inappropriate toileting and litter.

• Motorhomes emptying chemical waste into toilets can damage sceptic tanks.

• High numbers of walkers, causing some paths to be muddy or waterlogged. This leads to walkers widening paths (e.g. Beinn Eighe)

• Dogs off leads can worry sheep, which can lead to miscarriage or death (e.g. Red Point Farm). This reduces income for farmers due to vet bills and a loss of profit.

• Traffic congestion on single-track roads can cause frustration for local people.

• Inappropriate parking when car parks are full can block access through gates for emergency services, workers and land owners.

Referring to a named coastal or glaciated area you have studied:

a) describe the measures taken to manage the land use conflicts which arise between different land users, and

b) comment on their effectiveness.

• Opening the campsite at Beinn Eighe has given people somewhere to stay overnight. This has been effective as it is free and provides access to a toilet. It has increased costs for Beinn Eighe as staff and volunteers have to clean the toilet and tidy up if litter is left.

• Beinn Eighe have not put restrictions on overnight stays in their car parks, which gives people somewhere they can stay in motorhomes and campervans. This has prevented issues where motorhomes or campervans block access for workers or volunteers.

• Two chemical waste facilities have been opened in Gairloch. These are free to use which encourages people to use them, but they do ask for donations which are then used by the community council for projects in the local area. They can be accessed 24/7.

• New public toilets have been opened at Gairloch beach, which gives people an appropriate place to use. This has been effective because they include showers and disabled facilities which weren't previously available in the area.

• New car parks are being planned in Glen Torridon to cope with the increasing number of visitors climbing the hills. These cost the landowner (NatureScot) money which, as a charity, they need to fundraise. Some of the new car parks are still full on sunny days and they haven't fully solved the problem of cars parking in places that they shouldn't.

• Paths around Beinn Eighe and Torridon have been monitored and repaired using large stones and cross-drains. This work is completed by staff and volunteers who's time or expenses have to be paid for. Repairs need to be ongoing as erosion continues to worsen with increased numbers of visitors.

• Signs have been erected at Red Point Farm to warn dog owners about sheep and asking them to keep dogs on a lead. This has been most effective at lambing time, when extra signs are put up. The law in Scotland only requires people to keep dogs at close control (not on a lead) so attacks still happen. 

• Kissing gates have been installed beside gates which ensures that animals can never escape through a gate which has been left open. These come at extra expense for the landowner (farmer) and are not able to be used by parents with prams.